Hindsight bias is one of the first concepts we covered, it is in module two. Hindsight bias is the tendency to think an outcome was obvious when looking back at all of the information, even if before you were unsure. On example of this is on page 7, “The others listened without interest and nodded, unconvinced.” The other patients may have later felt that it was obvious when they found out Corte did not go back to the seventh floor, though they knew little of his condition other than what he said, this could be an example of hindsight bias.
Self-concept and self-schema are both concepts discussed in module three. Self-concept is what we believe and know about ourselves and self-schema are how we organize what we believe about ourselves and help the processing of self-relevant information. An example of this is on page 2, “Although he was an extremely slight case, in the very earliest stages, Giovanni Corte had been advised to go to the well-known sanatorium.” Corte knows he is sick, but believes he is a very mild case, if that, this is his self-concept of himself. He will use this concept later on when his sickness is referred to and use self-schema to seek relevant information.
Another concept discussed in module three is individualism. Individualism is the tendency to set one's goals before a groups and define one's self according to personal attributes rather than by the group. An example of this can be found on page 15, “But he did insist, despite nurses' banter, that the label on the door of his new room should read Giovanni Corte, third floor, temporary.” Giovanni does not want to be considered in the same group as the patients on the second floor, he is different from them he is healthier and belongs elsewhere. This shows individualism because Corte is looking for was to separate himself from the other patients, they are all sick but he is not as sick so does not really belong to this group, he is different.
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